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Dengue on the Rise: Causes, Challenges, and Solutions - Q & A Session with an Expert

decodeMR Team

Note: Although "Dengue" is pronounced as "deng·gee," in this discussion, we will be using the common pronunciation "deng-gu," as it is commonly used by general practitioners and the general public.



Welcome to the first episode of Inline for 2025.


In this episode, we discuss the growing threat of dengue, a viral infection spread by mosquito bites, which now affects nearly half of the global population. We are joined by Dr. Soumyadeep Seal, an Infectious Disease Specialist at Narayana Hospital in India, who shares insights into the rising challenges of dengue transmission, particularly in urban areas, and the effective approaches to mitigate its spread.


Dr. Soumyadeep highlights the importance of vector control, sanitation, and climate awareness in reducing transmission rates. He also discusses the emerging hotspots in India, the diagnostic challenges faced by healthcare professionals, and current strategies for managing severe dengue cases. Additionally, he provides valuable information on potential antiviral treatments and practical steps individuals can take to protect themselves.


Key Discussion Points:


1) Rising Challenges of Dengue Transmission (0:58)


  • Dengue transmission has been rising due to factors like rapid urbanization, poor infrastructure, and increased mosquito populations

  • Urban environments with inadequate drainage systems or stagnant water become ideal breeding grounds for mosquitoes, amplifying the risk


2) Vector Control and Sanitation (2:13)


  • Proper sanitation, including waste management and the elimination of standing water, is key to reducing mosquito breeding

  • Ensuring clean, mosquito-free environments is one of the most effective ways to combat dengue transmission


3) Climate Change and Dengue (4:34)


  • Climate change plays a major role in the spread of dengue. Warmer temperatures and erratic rainfall patterns enable mosquitoes to thrive in new areas, leading to the spread of the disease to regions where it was previously less common

  • A warmer climate also shortens the mosquito's breeding cycle, leading to faster transmission


4) Emerging Hotspots in India (5:58)


  • Certain areas in India are witnessing an increase in dengue cases due to environmental changes and high mosquito populations

  • Identifying and addressing emerging hotspots allows for targeted interventions, such as increased surveillance, better healthcare support, and community engagement


5) Diagnostic Challenges (8:17)


  • Diagnosing dengue early is challenging because its symptoms are similar to those of other viral infections, such as the flu

  • Healthcare professionals need reliable diagnostic tools to distinguish dengue from other illnesses and initiate timely treatment, especially since severe dengue can progress rapidly


6) Management of Severe Dengue (12:11)


  • Severe dengue (also called dengue hemorrhagic fever) can lead to life-threatening complications like organ failure or bleeding

  • Hospitals need specialized care protocols to handle severe cases, including fluid replacement and blood transfusions. Early intervention can save lives


7) Potential Antiviral Treatments (14:28)


  • Although there are no specific antiviral treatments for dengue, research into antiviral drugs is ongoing

  • The aim is to develop medications that can reduce the severity of symptoms, shorten the duration of the illness, and improve patient outcomes


8) Preventive Measures for Individuals (15:35)


  • Although there are no specific antiviral treatments for dengue, research into antiviral drugs is ongoing

  • The aim is to develop medications that can reduce the severity of symptoms, shorten the duration of the illness, and improve patient outcomes


9) Public Health Strategies (17:31)


  • Governments and public health organizations play a crucial role in controlling dengue outbreaks

  • Public health campaigns raise awareness about prevention, and coordinated efforts at local and national levels can improve response times to outbreaks, as well as drive mosquito control measures

  • Community involvement in these efforts can significantly reduce transmission rates



Takeaway Messages:


  • Effective vector control, proper sanitation, and eliminating water stagnation are crucial in reducing dengue transmission

  • Public education about the risks of dengue and the importance of controlling mosquito breeding grounds is essential

  • Changing weather patterns may exacerbate dengue outbreaks, making continuous vigilance necessary

  • Healthcare professionals should be aware of the symptoms and diagnostic tests to differentiate dengue from other febrile illnesses

  • While there is no specific antiviral treatment, early intervention and monitoring for complications like dehydration and low platelet count can save lives

  • Individuals should use mosquito nets, repellents, and wear protective clothing to reduce exposure to infected mosquitoes


About Dr. Soumyadeep Seal:


Dr. Soumyadeep Seal is an experienced Infectious Disease Specialist at Narayana Hospital in India, with around 14 years of expertise in his specialization. His work is centered on addressing emerging health threats like dengue, and he is committed to advancing public health through education, research, and evidence-based practices.


Relevant links: 


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